Causes of sudden painful visual impairment Nerve signals pass from the seeing cells in the retina down nerve fibres in the optic nerve to the area of the brain responsible for putting together and interpreting these signals, enabling us to see.įor vision to be clear, the lens of the eye has to be clear (transparent). This is the part of the retina that is the most densely packed with seeing cells (rods and cones). The macula is the part of the retina responsible for our central vision - that is, the things we are looking directly at. It helps to focus the light coming through the eye on to the retina, and in particular the macula. The lens of the eye acts like the lens in a camera. When you look at an object, light from the object passes through the cornea, then the lens, then through the fluid inside the ball (globe) of the eye, until it hits the retina at the back of the eye. Generally speaking, the further towards the back of the eye that problems occur, the more likely they are to have a long-lasting or permanent effect on your eyesight. Problems arising in different parts of the eye can affect vision.
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